INTERNATIONAL UNION OF MINE, MILL & SMELTER WORKERS was founded in 1916 as a successor union to the WESTERN FEDERATION OF MINERS. Concentrated in BC, among hard-rock KOOTENAY miners and workers in the COMINCO smelter at TRAIL, it was one of the most militant labour groups in Canada. The union, known familiarly as Mine Mill, was weakened by a disastrous strike in Trail in 1917 but re-emerged during the 1930s as one of the founders of the Congress of Industrial Organizations, a radical offshoot...
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